How to mount drive on CentOS 7


Step 1: First, list all drives on your server:

[root@tutorialspots ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 128.0 GB, 128035676160 bytes, 250069680 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000613a7

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1            2048        6143        2048   83  Linux
/dev/sda2   *        6144     1030143      512000   83  Linux
/dev/sda3         1030144   250068991   124519424   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00006199

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/mapper/vg-root: 118.1 GB, 118107406336 bytes, 230678528 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/vg-swap: 8321 MB, 8321499136 bytes, 16252928 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/vg-tmp: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

find drives

You see a big drive /dev/sdb with capacity 2T, check this drive

[root@tutorialspots ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00006199

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb is entire device, not just one partition!

Step 2: How to create a new partition in CentOS
Use command:

fdisk /dev/sdb

Then type n to create a new partition then follow this result:

[root@tutorialspots ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than
the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal
I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted.
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-3907029167, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-3907029167, default 3907029167):
Using default value 3907029167
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1.8 TiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

Step 3: How to format a partition in CentOS
Format new partition with type ext4

[root@tutorialspots ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
122101760 inodes, 488378390 blocks
24418919 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2636120064
14905 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
        102400000, 214990848

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

Now, check partitions in /dev/sdb

[root@tutorialspots ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00006199

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048  3907029167  1953513560   83  Linux

Step 4: list current mounts

[root@tutorialspots ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg-root  109G   47G   57G  46% /
devtmpfs             7.6G     0  7.6G   0% /dev
tmpfs                7.7G     0  7.7G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                7.7G  619M  7.1G   8% /run
tmpfs                7.7G     0  7.7G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2            485M  157M  303M  35% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg-tmp   976M   23M  887M   3% /tmp
tmpfs                1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0

Step 5: create folder you want to mount to

mkdir /mnt/store

Step 6: mount drive

mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/store

Done, check

[root@tutorialspots ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg-root  109G   51G   53G  49% /
devtmpfs             7.6G     0  7.6G   0% /dev
tmpfs                7.7G     0  7.7G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                7.7G  619M  7.1G   8% /run
tmpfs                7.7G     0  7.7G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2            485M  157M  303M  35% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg-tmp   976M   23M  887M   3% /tmp
tmpfs                1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1            1.8T   77M  1.7T   1% /mnt/store

Step 7: Automatic Mount At Boot Time

Add this line to file /etc/fstab

/dev/sdb1    /mnt/store   ext4    defaults     0        2

With command:

vi /etc/fstab

Some error:
Error 1:

[root@tutorialspots ~]# sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/store
mount: /dev/sdb1 is write-protected, mounting read-only

Means lack file system type of drive, you must use -t flag

Error 2:

[root@tutorialspots ~]# mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/store
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb1,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error

       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail or so.

Means wrong file system type of drive, you use other file system type of drive eg: ext4

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